Is E330 (Citric acid) Halal?

Our assessment

Generally halal

E330 (Citric acid) is produced by microbial fermentation of plant sugars and is generally considered halal; a strict check would confirm the fermentation medium.

Also known asCitric acidSour salt2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid

What is E330?

Citric acid is a sour-tasting acid used to adjust acidity, add tartness and preserve freshness. Although it occurs naturally in citrus fruit, commercial citric acid is made by fermenting sugars with the mould Aspergillus niger.

Produced by fermenting a carbohydrate (often corn/glucose) with the mould Aspergillus niger, then purified. The process is plant- and microbe-based.

Why is it generally halal?

Citric acid is generally classified as halal because it is produced by microbial fermentation of plant sugars, with no animal or alcohol component. A small number of strict bodies ask about the fermentation medium and processing aids; for full certainty, look for certification. The finished product still needs its own verification.

Commonly found in

It may be found in — this does not mean every product below contains it.

  • Soft drinks and cordials
  • Sweets and jams
  • Sauces and canned foods
  • Supplements and effervescent tablets

How it appears on labels

Citric acidE330Sour saltAcidity regulator (E330)

INS number: 330

How to verify a product in Singapore

  1. Ingredient-level guidance is not halal certification — check the complete product, not just this ingredient.
  2. Look for recognised halal certification, and check the finished product on the official MUIS HalalSG register.
  3. When the source or processing aids are unclear, contact the manufacturer.

Ingredient guidance is not certification. Verify the finished product on the MUIS HalalSG register or with the manufacturer.

Check MUIS HalalSG

Sources: EFSA, FAO/WHO, MUIS · Last reviewed: July 2026 · This guidance is not certification.

Frequently asked questions

Is E330 (citric acid) halal?

Yes — it is made by microbial fermentation of plant sugars and is generally considered halal. A strict check would confirm the fermentation medium.

Is citric acid made from animals?

No. Commercial citric acid is produced by fermenting plant sugars with a mould (Aspergillus niger).

Is citric acid from citrus fruit?

It occurs naturally in citrus, but commercial E330 is made by fermentation of sugars, not extracted from fruit.

What names should I look for?

'Citric acid', 'E330' or 'Sour salt'.

Related ingredients
Sources & methodology

Humble Halal methodology: we classify additives by their common origin, not by any specific product. A generally-halal ingredient does not make a finished product halal-certified. This page is general guidance, not certification or religious/legal advice — always verify the complete product. Last reviewed July 2026.